Clinical Laboratory Technology

INTERNET LESSON PLAN NUMBER 4

TITLE OF LESSON: Aerobic Gram Negative Cocci

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LESSON OBJECTIVE: The student should be able to:

1. Relate key characteristics and natural habitat of Neisseria, Branhamella, and Kingella.
   
   
2. Differentiate the pathogenic Neisseria from the commensal Neisseria.
   
   
3. Describe the clinical infections associated with Gram negative cocci.
   
   
4. Describe the tests used to differentiate the species.
   
   
5. Observe and accurately record the results of tests used to differentiate the species.
   
   
6. Summarize the principle, purpose, and sources of error for each differential test used in the identification of the species.
   
   
7. Relate the cellular and colonial morphology for each species listed in this lesson plan.
   
   
8. Distinguish Neisseria, Branhamella, and Kingella.
   
   
9. Identify the clinically significant Gram negative cocci.

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OVERVIEW:

MATERIALS:

PROCEDURES:

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• If you want to browse this site in your own way, then go to the following link:
  
  URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dastlr/gcdir/NeIdent/Index.html

• If you want to browse this site in a structured way, then examine the pages in the following order:
  (Caution - some links on this site are not active.)
  

1. Visit this site to read about the taxonomy of the Neisseria and related species.
   
   URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dastlr/gcdir/NeIdent/NTax.html
   
   
2. Visit this site to read about the habitat, taxon, pathogenicity, and prevalence of the Neisseria and related species. A table listing the Differential characteristics of human Neisseria sp., B. catarrhalis, and K. denitrificans, can also be viewed.
   
   URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dastlr/gcdir/NeIdent/Index.html#IDENT
   
   
3. Learn about the tests used for identification.
   (Note - There is an error in the biochemical chart. N. elongata is Dnase negative.)
   
   
   

   Biochemical Tests

   Acid Detection Tests
   URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dastlr/gcdir/NeIdent/AcidDet.html
   Nitrate Reduction
   URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dastlr/gcdir/NeIdent/Nitrate.html
   Polysaccharide from Sucrose
   URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dastlr/gcdir/NeIdent/Polysacc.html
   DNase Test
   URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dastlr/gcdir/NeIdent/DNa.html
   Enzyme Substrate Test
   URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dastlr/gcdir/NeIdent/Enzsub.html

   
   
   
4. Learn about the pathogenic Neisseria and their diseases by reading and viewing images on these pages.
   
   

   Pathogens and Their Disease

   N. gonorrhoeae
   URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dastlr/gcdir/NeIdent/Ngon.html
   Gonorrhea
   URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dastlr/gcdir/gono.html
   N. meningitidis
   URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dastlr/gcdir/NeIdent/Nmen.html
   Meningococcal Disease
   URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/meningococcal_g.htm

   
   
   
5. A description of Branhamella catarrhalis is available at this site.
   
   URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dastlr/gcdir/NeIdent/Bcat.html

6. Read about and view images of commensal Neisseria, as you visit these sites.
   
   

   Commensal Neisseria

   N. lactamica
   URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dastlr/gcdir/NeIdent/Nlac.html
   N. cinerea
   URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dastlr/gcdir/NeIdent/Ncin.html
   N. flavescens
   URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dastlr/gcdir/NeIdent/Nflavesc.html

   
   
   
7. Information on Kingella denitrificans is on this page.
   
   URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dastlr/gcdir/NeIdent/Kden.html

8. Answer questions and participate in discussion.

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EXTRA SITES OF INTEREST

• APTIMA® Combo 2™ Assay for C.trachomatis & Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Gen-Probe)
  
  URL: http://www.gen-probe.com/prod_serv/std_aptima.asp
  
  
• PACE 2 System for C.trachomatis & Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Gen-Probe)
  
  URL: http://www.gen-probe.com/prod_serv/std_pace.asp
  
  
• Dr. John D. Clements Micro: Neisseria
  
  http://www.tmc.tulane.edu/departments/microbiology/clements/teaching/pages/lectures/nphotos.html
  
  
• Genome info (Neisseria meningitidis)
  
  URL: http://www.tigr.org/tigr-scripts/CMR2/GenomePage3.spl?database=gnm

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INTERACTION ITEMS:

1. How would you distinguish K. denitrificans from N. gonorrhoeae?
   
   
2. How would you distinguish N. meningitidis from a late lactose producing N. lactamica? From N. polysaccharea?
   
   
3. How would you distinguish B. catarrhalis from N. cinerea, N. flavescens, and N. elongata?

CLASSROOM, LABORATORY, OR OTHER ACTIVITIES

1. Play name that bug at: URL: http://www.stlcc.edu/fp/kiser/Name.bug.html
   
   
2. Process the case presented at: URL: http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case53.html

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EVALUATION:

1. Correctly identify mystery bugs #1 and 3.
   
   
2. Correctly process the case study.

Karen M. Kiser MA MT(ASCP)PBT
Emeritus Professor
Clinical Laboratory Technology/Phlebotomy
St. Louis, MO USA

Updated January 1, 2008

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