Medieval Persian glass beaker with trailed glass thread decoration. This decoration technique is often associated with the 10th and 11th centuries. The beaker form is typical of Persia during the 11th and 12th centuries. Specimen in the collection of the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, Canada.




Medieval tazza (Arabic, footed bowl) enamelled and gilded. This form is attributed to the glass factories of Aleppo during the mid to late 13th century. This tazza is similar to the famous specimen in the Metropolitan Museum. The latter bears a naskhi inscription that reads: "His/Her face is like the brilliant shining moon, the posture like a tender blooming sprout" (Glass of the Sultans 2001, page 240-242). A tazza in the collection of the Toledo Museum of Art is dated to ca. 1340 with the point of manufacture given as Syria (Art in Glass 1969, page 40). Specimen in the collection of the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, Canada.




Early Medieval vase with trailed glass thread decoration. A similar specimen in the Kuwait National Museum is attributed to the 7th to 8th century Syrian glass factories (Glass from Islamic Lands 2001, catalog 1.6a). Specimen in the collection of the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, Canada.




Medieval Persian mold-blown bottle dating from 11th to 12th century. A simple form that parallels a long neck bottle in the Corning Museum collection (A Short History of Glass 1990, plate 35). Closer but no exactly like a 9th to 10th century specimen in the Kuwait National Museum (Glass from Islamic Lands 2001, catalog 3.55f). Specimen in the collection of the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, Canada.




Medieval Persian glass ewer similar to examples from Iraq dated to the 9th century (Glass of the Sultans, 2001, page 87). Specimen in the collection of the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, Canada.




Medieval Persian glass beaker with a vertical handle that is similar to examples from Egypt (8th to 10th century) and the Serce limani shipwreck off the coast of Turkey (ca. AD 1025) (see Glass of the Sultans 2001, page 72 and Islamic Glass: A Brief History 1986, page 9 and Glass from Islamic Lands 2001, catalog 3.51 and 3.55a). Specimen in the collection of the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, Canada.




Early Medieval cage bottle typically dated from the 7th or 8th century AD. Almost identical to a specimen in the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh (Ancient Glass 1980, specimen 245). Specimen in the collection of the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, Canada.




Medieval Persian "Molar Flask" dated to either 9th or 10th century AD. Similar to specimens in the Kuwait National Museum (Glass from Islamic Lands 2001, catalog no.s 2.31 and 2.32a) in the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh (Ancient Glass 1980, specimens 260, 261). Specimen in the collection of the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, Canada.




Medieval Persian "Molar Flask" dated to either 9th or 10th century AD. Similar to specimens in the Kuwait National Museum (Glass from Islamic Lands 2001, catalog no.s 2.31 and 2.32a) in the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh (Ancient Glass 1980, specimens 260, 261). Specimen in the collection of the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, Canada.

Names of Glassmakers in Medieval Period:

Uthman ibn Abu Nasr (Glass of the Sultans, 2001, page 85)
Tayyib ibn Ahmad Barmasi