A short sword of iron found in the stable portion of the Area 4 khan (elite hotel). The blade is gently curved. Found in locus 427010. It dates to the Mongol destruction of the city in ca. AD 1259/1260.




Several grenade tops have been found in the 13th century layer at Tuneinir. The exploded portion of one grenade was found near a damaged section of the Area 6 suq (market) suggesting that they did contain blackpowder and exploded. Half of a grenade was discovered in the ruins of the Area 8 houses. The Area 8 grenade is of particular interest because Arabic letters were pecked into its surface spelling "Allah."




Crossbow bolts, knives, and arrowpoints are found in the destroyed houses in Area 8. The crossbow bolt (left) was found in locus 818006 and the iron knife (right) was found in locus 828004.




An iron crossbow bolt (left) from locus 677013 and an iron arrowpoint (right from locus 650024 in the Area 6 suq (Arabic, market). The shape of the arrowpoint is identical to Medieval drawings of Mongol arrowpoints. Both artifacts were discovered in the destruction deposit that dates to the Mongol destruction of the city in ca. AD 1259/1260.